The framework sheds light on the capabilities of the next mobile standard, which is currently in the early stages of research and development. Commercial builds of this technology are not expected until around 2030, according to the ITU. 

The key aspects of the framework include theoretical peak data rates that could reach 1 TeraBits per second (1,000 GigaBits per second), as well as the utilisation of TeraHertz bands radio spectrum. 

The user experience data rates could reach 300-500 MegaBits (Mbps) per second ubiquitously across coverage areas, compared to the 100 Mbps average delivered by 5G. 6G will also have a spectrum efficiency 1.5 to 3 times greater than what currently exists.

“Terrestrial wireless systems to be developed under IMT-2030 are expected to drive the next wave of innovative radiocommunication systems, promote digital equity and advance universal connectivity,” said Mario Maniewicz, director of the ITU Radiocommunication Bureau.

“The publication of the Recommendation on future 6G mobile technologies is a testament to ITU’s longstanding multi-stakeholder approach which ensures the development of globally accepted technical and regulatory solutions.” 

Achieving these new speeds will present significant challenges amid the current mobile environment, where the high cost of deploying a dense network means mobile operators still prefer lower frequencies for better coverage at an economic price point. 

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“Mobile communications are central to our efforts to ensure that everyone is meaningfully connected,” said Doreen Bogdan-Martin, ITU secretary-general. 

“By agreeing on a way forward on 6G, ITU Member States have taken an important step toward ensuring that technical progress is synonymous with affordability, security, and resilience — supporting sustainable development and digital transformation everywhere.” 

Companies and industry associations are expected to submit proposals for the IMT-2030 Radio Interface Technology (RIT) in early 2027, with the aim of having 6G technology standards approved by 2030.