Remotely monitored IoT sensors are being trialled by FarrPoint help monitor the health of peatlands in Scotland’s Western Isles.

The project is said to be one of the first projects of its kind in the EU as the Scottish Government bids to restore 250,000 hectares of peatland by 2030.

Peatland covers around 20% of Scotland and is vitally important to the environment as it stores 1.7 billion tons of carbon, the equivalent of around 140 years of Scotland’s annual greenhouse gas emissions.

However, it is estimated that 80% of this peatland is damaged, which allows it to dry out. Continued peatland drying will release a large amount of CO2 into the atmosphere, impacting the climate.

The deteriorating nature of peatlands is not just a local problem. Across Europe, these ecosystems store five times more CO2 than forests.

This is a particular concern in Finland, which is home to almost a third of Europe’s peatlands, and Sweden where one quarter are located. The rest are in the UK, Poland, Norway, Germany, Ireland, Estonia, Latvia, The Netherlands and France.

A new year-long trial, covering a peatland area surrounding Loch Orasaigh in the Western Isles, is being carried out by UK digital connectivity specialist, FarrPoint.

FarrPoint will work in collaboration with NatureScot Peatland ACTION, the Carloway Estate Trust and Scottish Water with funding from the Scottish Government.

This work aligns with the Scottish Government’s £250m, 10-year peatland restoration initiative, to significantly reduce carbon emissions and support biodiversity as part of its climate change plan.

Peatland ACTION funded restoration work around Loch Orasaigh has been phased over several years and the IoT sensors are currently gathering a baseline dataset prior to restoration of this area. Post restoration monitoring is also planned using the same technology.

Environment Minister Mairi McAllan said: “Peatland restoration represents a cornerstone of our action to tackle the twin crises of climate change and biodiversity loss. Restoring Scotland’s iconic peatlands can help us sequester and store carbon from the atmosphere, support biodiversity and provide good, green jobs – often in rural communities.

“Since the launch of the Peatland ACTION programme in 2012, around 39,000 hectares of degraded peatlands have undergone restoration in Scotland. We are committed to significantly increasing the rate of restoration and have invested £250 million to fulfil our commitment to restore 250,000 hectares of peatland by 2030.

“This innovative project, which has been awarded £60k from Scottish Government’s Digital Directorate, highlights how new and digital technologies will be crucial in helping us deliver our net zero ambitions.”

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Monitoring peatland to measure its water content has traditionally been a manual task, with regular travel to monitoring stations in often remote locations, often on foot.

However, FarrPoint’s IoT tech could help to save peatlands in the UK and beyond, by providing real-time information to inform how restoration work impacts the health of the peatland.

Dr Andrew Muir, FarrPoint’s CEO, said: “Scotland’s peatlands are one of our key natural resources in the fight against rising carbon emissions and we must make efforts to protect them.

“When in good condition, our peatlands offer multiple benefits to the environment and our communities. With 80% of Scotland’s peatlands damaged, projects such as this can help us fight climate change and support biodiversity.

“Digital technologies will become central to our ability to limit the damage of climate change and hit our net-zero targets. This summer’s drought has shown how vulnerable the UK is to extreme heat and this trial will provide valuable and timely data which will help inform future peatland restoration activities.

Muir added: “Connecting remote and rural areas with digital technologies can be extremely challenging, and whilst benefits have been shown for larger cities, this trial will create key learnings that can be applied to other remote regions of Scotland and Europe.”

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