In a world where technology is pushing the boundaries of what is ethically permissible, a Cambridge University study has raised alarming concerns about the emergence of AI chatbots known as “deadbots.” 

These are digital recreations of deceased individuals, capable of simulating language patterns and personality traits using the digital footprint they left behind.

The study, published in the journal Philosophy and Technology, underscores the potential for deadbots to be exploited by companies for advertising purposes, turning the grief of losing a loved one into a marketing opportunity. 

Dr Tomasz Hollanek, co-author from Cambridge’s Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, warns against the possibility of “unwanted digital hauntings” wherein surviving family members are bombarded with unsolicited advertisements masquerading as messages from their departed loved ones.

“People might develop strong emotional bonds with such simulations, which will make them particularly vulnerable to manipulation,” he said. 

While initially providing solace, daily interactions with deadbots might evolve into an overwhelming emotional burden, leaving individuals feeling digitally stalked by the memories of their loved ones, according to the study. 

“Rapid advancements in generative AI mean that nearly anyone with internet access and some basic know-how can revive a deceased loved one,” said Dr Katarzyna Nowaczyk-Basinska, another co-author of the study.

“This area of AI is an ethical minefield. It’s important to prioritise the dignity of the deceased, and ensure that this isn’t encroached on by financial motives of digital afterlife services, for example.

“At the same time, a person may leave an AI simulation as a farewell gift for loved ones who are not prepared to process their grief in this manner. The rights of both data donors and those who interact with AI afterlife services should be equally safeguarded.”

Recommended reading

• UK and South Korea Prepare for Next Global AI Safety Summit
• Are Facebook and Google Failing to Act on Scam Adverts?
• UK Advertises Tech Sector to Silicon Valley in New Campaign

The proliferation of platforms offering to recreate the dead with AI, such as Project December and apps like HereAfter, coupled with rapid advancements in generative AI, raises urgent questions about the regulation and ethical oversight of such technologies. 

The researchers advocate for age restrictions on deadbots and advocate for “meaningful transparency” to ensure users are fully aware that they are interacting with AI simulations.